Quarter 6 - Week 6

A couple of weeks back, our ENVC prof was flailing his hands that "you students didn't prepare as much as I did for the case, I should probably give myself all the marks and make you redo this subject!". Well, not really, but he did give us a piece of his mind. We had the B2B quiz, so we just wring our hands helplessly, as we claim that work and study takes away all our time, leaving nothing for case analysis. This time the B2B prof got it. He got bitten by the ENVC midterm! It's a different matter that nobody had the courage to tell him that "We didnt prepare for the very important case, because of our very important score that was riding on your quiz AND the other midterm". Anyway, we heard one more of the "You guys missed out on a very important case, now hang onto the coat tails, and try to atleast catch the gist of what I'm discussing with your more diligent friends here", while he was adoringly looking at those one/two people who had feebly raised their hands when he asked who had read the case. Must have been their most difficult class, considering the learning of 75 people and their future depended on the questions and points these two raised. The sheer heaviness of the responsibility is overwhelming! Or must have been for them.

Entrepreneurship and New Venture Creation

First session of the week was about how a couple of guys who were in HBS, wanted to start an enterprise in the dry-cleaning sector, and as to how they were exploring their options. These two smart guys went about doing the relevant analysis, and even took up jobs in dry cleaning establishments to gain some experience. These guys didn't mention that they were Harvard grads on their resumes, this shows the extent of resume checks that the US drycleaning companies do. Anyway, at the end of it, they were trying to figure out which of two drycleaning stores to purchase. Now, our job was to find out what they should do. Here's where our experience kicks in. Apparently, all the analysing teams said that dry cleaning was not a viable business to get into, and a couple of them reluctantly still chose one of the stores to buy. It seems, our batch (the PGSEM) were the only ones who really thought about the viability of the business. The other batches the prof handles didnt question this at all, and just went after the choice. So, all the PGSEM students, irrespective of whether they did the case or not, patted themselves on the back for the one feather they seemed to have in their caps, called experience. Turns out that the industry is a place where the labour was a huge chunk, taking up to 30-35% of the revenue, and the profits were only 10%. Immigrants therefore get into this, because not only do they make the 10% profit, they also are the labour! So they walk away with 40-45% profit, which is a fairly decent means of livelihood. Of course, there was a lot more takeaway on why the two should not have done the entire Mahabharat of exploration when easier methods of learning about the industry were available, but you cant help admiring the fact that these two chose to try such different stuff, when the rest of their class was probably getting into more profitable lines of business.

The next session was our midterm, and it was a case based exam. We were supposed to analyse the actions of a particular team and suggest alternative approaches. A lot of soaking in the day before, and then spot analysis the day after. Irrespective of the kind of marks you get, you just feel so cool and proud that you've made some decisions for somebody who is somewhere else. Consultants must be feeling good all the time, I think.

Social Entrepreneurship

We're still on reforms here, and the advantage of having the Right To Information. The first session was about how one of the persons known to the professor, once came across some information in the newspaper about how the Delhi Jal Board in association with the World Bank was trying to reform the water supply in the city. This person using the rights accorded to citizens, went to get more details on this. What he found pretty much got him all wired and upset. Turns out that the World Bank was trying to help us get more efficient water supply, and that we were capable of it, but didnt have suitable infrastructure. So they were outsourcing it to contractors, and the method of selection was apparently dubious. So this person goes up in arms, and gets a lot of people's support to avoid unnecessary expenditure. Their main argument was that the government spends much more on the water supply each year, and it would be unnecessary to take a loan from the World Bank for the purpose and give away the contract to an international firm, however experienced they may be. Additionally, the results in the other countries where this was done have not been good, and it would be careless to just go ahead and repeat this mistake. And so, a query was started, and relevant actions taken to find out what we could do on our own. And hence the story of one citizen's watch, on his government's action.

The second session was headed by a guest lecturer, who spoke to us about his experiences with tribal villages in Karnataka. We had been previously instructed to look him up on the internet, to see what he'd done, I should have understood why. He comes into class, and says he will have an interactive session, where we'd ask questions and then he'd give answers and take the class further along his experiences. Suffice to say that there were enough questions to keep him occupied, and for us to learn. But his experiences and outlook were quite different from the other lectures we've seen. You see, he was a lot more understanding of the government. His view was that, many times the government itself is not aware of many issues. They take an action without fully understanding the implications of it, and so one of our efforts should be towards educating the representatives of the constituencies about the problems faced. They have no way of knowing otherwise! They're sufficiently caught up with other things. He spoke about how he got started in the social field, and his experiences so far. What was most interesting was that he also spoke about how he worked with the traditions and beliefs of the tribals. Apparently, they would give some booze and food to their spirits and the spirits would tell them what to do. For e.g., one time they were about to start agriculture in the lands allotted. Just as he was about to start, the tribals told him that we should first take the opinion of the spirits. A lot of song and dance later, they told him that the spirits forbade them from planting seeds saying that it would only rain for three days, and after that nothing for the rest of the season. So dont waste money.

This man got quite pissed. Here he's fighting for the people, against the government, for the lands and then some spirit tells them not to plant. Still he went along with what they said, and it turns out that it did rain for three days, and they didnt plant while all other regions and farmers planted, and then there was no more rain! So now he doesn't know what to say. These are his experiences! Yet, they do follow a Value Belief Study, where they try to understand the roots of the traditions. Maybe there was some inherent value to it, which was being blindly copied over the years. Doing it this way, they are able to find out which are the good traditions that yield positive results for the people, and the bad ones. They then focus on stopping the bad ones, and encourage the good traditions. It's a very interesting take on how to bring about change in tribal culture by keeping the good, and moving with the times. Apparently, they also now school all the children there and they have a 100% pass record. These children are also instrumental with challenging the beliefs. It was more a matter of "Why are we doing it?" rather than "We should not do this!". The basic outlook and attitude is very instrumental in bringing about change.

B2B Market Management

The two cases for this week had a lot to do with customer satisfaction, and knowing what to do further. The first case was about how Infy and one of their customers were preparing for Infy to move up the value chain. So we focussed on the kind of changes that were required for this to happen. While we mainly focussed on cross-cultural issues, there was also some discussion on how this also affects the work culture and environment in the host company. There's a steadily growing insecurity about the work security there, if all the work comes down to India! Hence, we looked into how this could be addressed, by also focussing on local hiring within the host country, and discussing how to make the sale of why Infy should be given the contract as against the other competitors. The main takeaway from this seemed to be that India is now looking for greater value delivery, and it is no longer the best thing to compete on the cost arbitrage ("Our company in India, cheap resource!") because it will remind the hosts about the possible loss of jobs at their end. Instead, we must focus on how moving this work to India actually reduces the Total Cost of Ownership, and hence it increases revenues for the company and benefits it more, thereby providing more benefit to both Infy and the host. Hence, it is a win-win, and not a win-lose situation. Yet, there is still a lot of worry on how things might turn out in future.

The second session, I wish I could tell you what I learnt. But I hadn't read the case, and neither had the remaining 95% of the class. So while the remaining 5% paid attention, the rest of us tried to keep up valiantly (or slept), trying to focus on what was happening. It's not difficult to sleep when someone's discussing something you dont understand, I can tell you that much. And therefore, I implore you, when you do a case study discussion, you better be prepared with the case, or you are going to waste a LOT of time. And you wont get the ever-so-important "Ahaah!" feeling when enlightenment is supposed to dawn at the end. You have been warned.

International Business Negotiation Skills

I like this prof, but this week was really dull. It started off well, as he gave us some pointers based on our performance in the negotiations. I dont think I've mentioned this, but we had recorded a negotiation exercise for each team, and the professor was going to analyse it. We were also supposed to get some hands-on out of it. It was quite interesting to see, and his points were well taken, but this part only lasted for about a half hour. It was all downhill from there. Of course, a few nuggets here and there, but for the most part, it felt unnecessary. After we had seen clips of everyone's videos (which frankly can get very boring after you see the first two/three), there was a video on body language, but it was not as good and effective as it could have been.

The second half, we had a guest speaker who spoke to us about how Yoga can help us with emotional control. The prof had told him that we were trying to understand it from the perspective of Negotiation Skills, but I dont think this guy really got what the prof meant. So we sat through 1.5 hours of a yoga educational speech. It was new to some of us, no doubt, but I dont know... I'd rather have gotten some info on Negotiations here. If I wanted a yoga speech, I'd attend some other time, some other place which was meant purely for that. Still, not too many complaints, I did understand how it's very important for your body and mind to be in sync, so that you're always at the peak of your energy and you're in charge of your energy. Fascinating topic, guess I just expected different.

The next week has the usual spate of assignments. We also have a take-home midterm (a first for me! It's like a license to copy, just that it's a dare from the prof about let's see what I can copy). The paper is based on our observations in class, and our understanding of the study material. So it's going to be an interesting experience. Also, we're planning to make a trip to watch a social enterprise in action, this is relevant for our project, so I'm really looking forward to this. Sometimes I cant help wonder, if I put a quarter of this energy in my engineering studies, maybe I'd be far more capable. There's something very different and compulsive about the teaching and environment at the IIMB, the pressure's a lot, but you look forward to class every day.

Quarter 5 - Week 3

The fun times have begun! A couple of quizzes this week and both on Saturday! It's a good thing that they're all announced and that they're based on our previous readings. No more having to mug formulae... atleast for this quarter.

MSP - This week we looked into Requirements Gathering. We analysed a couple of cases, the sinking of the Vasa (a ship made in Sweden during the 1600s or so) and the working methodology of Praxis, a company that is highly reputed for its extremely low bug rate and which works on not-so-normal projects like, well, the Lunar Landing mission! While Requirements Gathering, Risk Management etc. sounds like everyday words like 'tea', 'coffee' and 'pantry' to the guys in the service industry or the 5000+ strong product firms, the young 'uns (especially the startups) probably have no idea what it means to do Requirements Gathering. Apparently, you bring together key members from the team working on the project, or everyone of them if its feasible, and some representatives from the client who stand for every discipline/role that might use the software. Then you guys brainstorm in meetings, yell at each other, throw this out, pull that in, check if "what you mean is what I mean?" and pretty much have a party. Praxis for example, took ONE YEAR just to gather requirements for a project of duration four years. A pretty long time you might say, but it works for them. At the end of this project, they had four bugs... that's it! Four! I can make that many bugs in 15 minutes! Apparently they use formal programming methods which apparently applies mathematical models as an approach to software development. It's quite interesting, though it seems like heavy investments. Look them up.

The other case was the Vasa, and since they failed everyone has something to say about it. The article tried to draw a parallel between it's construction and that of software. It is said that the king of Sweden wanted a super awesome fleet of ships and after the first signoff phase, he kept changing the requirements. And his tool of motivation? "If you dont do it, I'll treat you with contempt". Nobody questions the king, no matter how wrong he is.... in those times!

LOC - We studied how leaders have an issue with growing up. Actually no, it was more like growing into the next role. We've done this article before, so not much to really assimilate in that one. It talks of how roles like 'Managing Self', 'Managing Others', 'Managing Managers'.. etc.... tend to have conflicts during their transition phase. We even did a case where we analysed if a person who was brought in to turn the company around would really be the right choice. I spaced out a bit once in a while, so I dont remember too much from this week, except for thinking that all this seems obvious.

PM - This week was all about how to differentiate your product in the marketplace. Today, any incremental cool 'thing-of-the-future' you do can be easily replicated by other companies. On the other hand, the more you focus on the entire experience of the customer ranging from stating a need they have, to searching for it, to buying it etc., then the easier it will be to get sufficient points for differentiation. We studied how Price Value comparison charts can be used to determine how the company is doing regarding the competitots.

Well, all quizzes are done for this week! Now, to start preparing for the midterm.... assuming there IS a midterm!

Quarter 2 - Week 3

Last week, our Business Statistics prof gave us an interesting assignment. Given a bug database (I dont know how he got it, the source remains a mystery) he asked us to find out all the information that we could, given this database. As an example, we could find out how long people took to fix bugs, whether the developers were working effectively etc. etc. The techie in me wondered "What the hell?! People are fixing bugs, and you're not happy with that?" The answer to my own question dawned pretty soon, "It might be loathesome to sit and look at all this, but you probably want to find out if they can do something better or faster. Or you can find out if someone needs some help, but is probably too proud to ask for it. Or in the worst case, probably isnt even aware that he needs help". The manager talk has already begun... is it a good sign?

So this "fun" assignment comes with a catch... use open source database and all from Open Office. AND run some queries using SQL. Apparently, we have all the time in the world to learn up SQL and figure our way around Open Office for the first time. A part of me thinks he's doing it to keep the pressure up on us, to add those inherent capabilities that these IIM products are famous for - time management, prioritization, the works. Another part of me says he's doing it because he believes open source is a good thing, and he can spread the word in one way - bringing it to his work, i.e. us. And probably we can spread the word in our own way.

Right, so this was last week when this assignment was given to us, and I've spent almost 20 hours just figuring out how to use this damned software. Staying awake late, working on it in office (and feeling suitably guilty about it), waking up early, I'm slowly getting used to it (Question to self: Why am i here again?). Still, when Friday came along, I was feeling reasonably good. I had gotten a chart or two out, and my partner and I were ready to do some serious sifting.

The classes started off with Macro economics, we have now entered the realm of Aggregate Demand. This is basically the total demand for goods and services within an economy. We're going through the Keynesian(pronounced keen-see-yun) model, made up by the guy who brought the US out of the Great Depression. Fancy accomplishment, that. How did he do it? He told everyone that to build the GDP of a country, you need to spend-spend-spend!! To all of us techies, when the formula was shown on the board, it made sense. If you spent, you got a whole lot of GDP since that extra spending keeps circulating in the economy. If you save too much, then nobody buys stuff, and if no one buys stuff, then jobs are not there, and if jobs are not there, then nobody buys stuff. Vicious circle!! We understood how the US is a consumer-spending driven economy, China is an export driven company, India is an investment and services driven economy... if even one external factor is affected, everyone dances! We slowly have begun to appreciate the roles played by the consumers, the investors/corporates, and we had just begun understanding the role the government plays. What gets me, is that we dont seem to be noticing anything other than monetary stuff that can be valued. The implicit advantages/disadvantages, the stuff that can not be quantified or rather we dont want to quantify is nowhere in the picture. It's all about the money... well, it is Macro Economics after all.

Managing Organizations was pretty cool this week. On the first day, we studied a case of two companies - one very process oriented, good, cheap and effective, though it treated its employees like "horses" with blinders as one of our classmates remarked in a light vein. The other company had people who mixed with each other, spent enough time understanding every one's work and not just specializing in their own. Communication was awesome in this company, yet they were slower than the first company. During the discussion, we noticed that when presented with the chance of building a new design, the second company did better as they were more flexible and communicated well, while when it ultimately came down to production, at the end of the day, the first company got the contract. A sad story, in my opinion, where in the second company did quite well in getting their act together and thrived on the uncertainty of the project, but lost it in the end because they didnt have the cost effectiveness of the first company. And here, I learnt my first real lesson about organization structure. While an employee would love to work in the second company, a person would want to be the CEO of the first, where everything was clear and streamlined. I learnt that a company should be structured based on the industry it is in, so that it can thrive. Hurts to know that you cant have a fair and fun company, if you're in an industry which requires cost-effective measures and extremely high quality. It doesnt let you experiment with new ideas, or concepts purely because it puts your current system at risk. Sigh.

Business Statistics - what can I say? We had a quiz on day 1, and yours truly got battered! I dont know where my brain went for a walk at that moment, because it sure as hell wasnt in my head when the quiz was going on. Must have fallen asleep, due to the lack of sleep from the last week. We started studying random variables. These aren't really "variables" in the terms we use it in comp sci lingo. These are functions. Basically, we try to figure out our payouts(what we can get) considering the different results that can occur due to probability. The example given was simple - consider there's a fraud happening in a company, and you've been called in. Would you analyse each and every transaction to see where the fraud is? What if the cost of the investigation is so much that to check each and every fraud, you'd probably have to shut down the company as that would be far cheaper. So, this somewhat talked about how you "hedge your bets" carefully. I wont say I totally understood what the guy was talking about. Two days went by in a blur of formulae, and examples that seemed to make sense when he was talking about it. Man, that guy is a jack rabbit. I dont know how he manages to move around so fast, it's really difficult keeping pace with him. I must grudgingly admit - he's brilliant, seems well read... it's difficult to point fingers at inspiring figures like that. He can actually get away with taunting us, which he does, just because we're in awe of him. Awesome! Anyway, we've finished our assignment, somehow, let's just hope that he finds our queries enough. BTW, the results for that quiz on Friday came on Saturday - did pretty bad. The prof told us not to worry, it's apparently legacy. All his first tests, no matter how easy it is, people suck at it. Make me feel a little better.

Good thing the tests are best three out of four! :P